OSI model for data communication

https://www.linkedin.com/posts/md-khorshed-alom-alom-338560326_the-osi-model-demystified-the-osi-activity-7278652567377559552-Vb_I?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_android

Notice that data from an application such as email, games, online banking, reading news over the web, etc. would be traveling down from the application layer to the physical layer and translated as streams of 0 and 1 bits before sending out towards destination.

The destination computer or device would pick up those bits from its physical layer and packed up or translated into useful data on the way up to application layer as shown in the article below. Application would process relevant received data uniquely for it.

Note that web is using HTTP protocol and email is using SMTP protocol. The way of packing and unpacking data would be different but in similar methods.

Protocol is like a unique way to pack data before sending towards destination. The receiver would base on protocol specification to unpack data and process it.